The Imperatives of International Criminal Tribunals and International Criminal Court on Crime of Genocide

ABSTRACT

The idea of a strong standing tribunal to try serious violations of international law has been around since the end of World War II. After WWII, the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals were set of ad-hoc by the Allies, the victors of World War II, to try the principles of the losing axis power. While the Nuremberg was regarded as more successful and significant than the Tokyo tribunal. During the years of the cold war, the idea of the future of the International Criminal Court largely occupied the back burner of International affairs.

With the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, various tribunal and international conflicts broke out in the world. Most notably, after the break-up of former Yugoslavia and the modern Balkan wars, it was clear that war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity were occurring on a mass scale. Similarly, tribal warfare between the Hutus and Tutsis in several African countries, including Rwanda and Burundi, lead to enormous human rights abuses. The United Nations Security Council established ad-hoc tribunals to address the international crimes arising from those crises; the tribunals were set up specifically for the purpose of those local conflicts, and they revived the interest in the need to establish a permanent global criminal court. And in 1998, the Rome statute was drafted, which set forth the legal framework for a standing tribunal to address war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity; this was achieved in April 2002. The ICC formally come into existence on July 1st, 2002. The coalition of countries and civil society organisations in more than 150 countries work in partnership to strengthen international corporations with the ICC, ensure that the court is fair, effective and independent, and make justice visible and universal. Advanced strong national laws that deliver justice to victims of war crimes, genocides and crimes against humanity. The provision of the Rome statute does not instill enough confidence to preclude the possibility.

References

Aldricah, G.H. (September/October 1977) Comment on the Geneva Protocols International Review of the Red Cross.

Ajala, A. and Sagay, I.E. (1998). The teaching of IHL in Nigerian Universities, ICRE, Lagos.

Borg, F. (1982) Origin and Development of International Law, ICRE Geneva Convention.

Brierly, J.L. (1946) The Covenant and the Charter,” 23, British Year Book of International Law, pp.83-92

Dunant, H. (1987). Bibliography of IHL Applicable to Armed Conflict 2nd Edition Geneva.

Dictionary of International Law of Armed Conflict, published by ICRE

Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn (May 1990) Analysis and Case Studies, Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn;

Gary T. Dempsey, (July 16, 1998). Reasonable Doubt the case against the proposed ICC, Cato Institute.

Ken, Saro Wiwa (1992) Genocide in Nigeria, the Ogoni Tragedy, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria.

Njoku, H.M (1987) J.A Tragedy without Heroes: The Nigerian Biafra War. Enugu, Nigeria; Fourth Dimension Publisher.

Leo Kuper, (August 1983) Genocide: Its Political Use in Twentieth Century, Yale University Press.

Phillip Gourevitch; (August 1998) We wish to inform you that Tomorrow we will be killed with our families; Stories from Rwanda, Farrar Straus and Giroux, New York.

Imperatives of International Criminal Tribunals and International Criminal Court on Crime of Genocide

The Framework of Economic...

The Framework of Economic and Human Rights Under the...

The Defence of Mistake...

ABSTRACT The importance of Criminal Law as a vehicle for...

Corporate Capacity and the...

ABSTRACT Any act of a company outside the Memorandum and...

Appraisal of the Impediments...

CHAPTER ONE APPRAISAL OF THE IMPEDIMENTS TO INHERITANCE UNDER ISLAMIC...

Strategic Management in the...

ABSTRACT The article defines the constructive role of strategic management...

The Defence of Provocation...

Abstract The aim of the thesis is to make a...

The Framework of Economic and Human Rights Under the ECOWAS Treaty

The Framework of Economic and Human Rights Under the ECOWAS Treaty: A Case Study of Implementation in Nigeria ABSTRACT The 1975 ECOWAS Treaty made by the...

The Defence of Mistake in Nigerian Law

ABSTRACT The importance of Criminal Law as a vehicle for the advancement of humanity cannot be overemphasized. "This is the law on which men place their...

Corporate Capacity and the Ultra Vires Rule Under Nigerian Law

ABSTRACT Any act of a company outside the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the company or the statute(s) creating the company is Ultra Vires....

Appraisal of the Impediments to Inheritance Under Islamic Law

CHAPTER ONE APPRAISAL OF THE IMPEDIMENTS TO INHERITANCE UNDER ISLAMIC LAW 1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND Some obstacles and impediments prevent an inheritor from benefiting from the assets left...

Strategic Management in the Formation of the Company Personnel

ABSTRACT The article defines the constructive role of strategic management in forming and developing company personnel. The original model of work with company staff is...

The Defence of Provocation in Nigeria and Sudan – A Comparative Study

Abstract The aim of the thesis is to make a comparative study of the defence of provocation in Nigeria and Sudan. Provocation as a defence...

Appellate Jurisdiction of Nigerian Courts in Civil Matters

Abstract The majority of appellants and some appellate courts are ignorant or oblivious to the proper rules of appeal, resulting in a lot of injustices...

Assessment of Petroleum Profit Tax Under the Nigerian Tax Laws

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Petroleum Profit Tax Act provides that: Assessment of tax shall be made in such form and in such manner as the...

A Study of Customary Land Law and Tenure Practices of Six Communities of the Lower Benue River Valley of Nigeria

ABSTRACT This study is aimed at studying the customary land laws and tenurial practices of the communities of the Nigerian Lower Benue River valley. These...